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Low, branching, glabrous or glandular annual 0.5-2(-3) dm; lvs entire or obscurely few-toothed; sep narrow, 3-nerved, 3-4.5 mm; cor 5-10 mm; later fls often cleistogamous; 2n=18, 32. Wet sandy or muddy shores; Que. and N.H. to N.D., s. to Fla. and Tex., and in the Pacific states. July-Sept. Two rather poorly defined vars., both widespread in our range. Var. dubia: Lvs to 3 cm, at least the lower ones narrowed to the base; pedicels relatively short, mostly 0.5-1.5 cm, surpassed by or only slightly surpassing their subtending lvs; seeds mostly 2-3 times as long as wide. (Ilysanthes d.; I. attenuata) Var. anagallidea (Michx.) Cooperr.: Lvs mostly 6-15 נ3-10 mm, all broadly rounded at base, or the lowermost ones a little narrowed; pedicels mostly 1-2.5 cm, all except sometimes the lowermost ones conspicuously surpassing the subtending lvs; seeds 1.5-2 times as long as wide. (L. anagallidea; Ilysanthes a.; I. inaequalis)

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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