Androdioecious; root globose; stem 1-2 dm; lfls 3-5, sessile or nearly so, lanceolate to elliptic or oblanceolate, 4-8 cm, obtuse or subacute, finely serrate; peduncle 2-8 cm; fls white or tinged with pink, often unisexual; styles usually 3; fr yellow, 5 mm thick; 2n=24. Rich woods and bottomlands; Que. and N.S. to Minn., s. to Pa., Ind., and Io., and along the mts. to Ga. Apr., May.
Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.