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Culms slender, 4-10 dm, from creeping rhizomes; sheaths and blades scabrous, the collar usually shortly bearded; blades firm, 2-4 mm wide; infl 8-15 cm, tawny to purplish, rather dense; glumes firm, rather broad, 3.5-4.5 mm, scabrous; lemma 3.5 mm, scabrous, the awn inserted near the base, about equaling the lemma, evidently geniculate near the middle, twisted below; callus-hairs in 2 tufts, half to three-fourths as long as the lemma; palea nearly equaling the lemma; 2n=84-120. Mossy rocky and marshy meadows and sandy shores; Nf. and Que. to Vt. and N.Y., w. to Mich. and Minn. (C. fernaldii)

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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