Stem 3-7 dm, from a cluster of thickened roots, often little exceeding the basal lf; lfls 2-3 cm long and wide, pale beneath; panicle widely branched, few-fld, with elongate, slender pedicels; fls perfect; filaments white, generally more than 3 mm, strongly dilated above; anthers minute; achenes falcate, concave on the upper margin, strongly convex on the lower, 4-5.5 mm, conspicuously 3-nerved on each face; stipe 1.5-3 mm. Moist woods and cliffs in and near the mts.; Va. and W.Va. to e. Ky., s. to S.C. and Ga. May-July.
Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.