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Ceratophyllum
Family: Ceratophyllaceae
Ceratophyllum image
Max Licher
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Donald H. Les in Flora of North America (vol. 3)
Plants , submersed perennials. Stems suspended or anchored by branches buried in substrate; branches 0-3 per node. Leaves 3-11 per whorl, cauline; petiole inconspicuous. Leaf blade simple or forked into linear-filiform, denticulate segments. Inflorescences extra-axillary, alternating with leaves. Flowers: bracts basally connate, foliaceous; pedicel less than 1 mm or essentially absent. Staminate flowers: anther 2-locular, connective projecting as apical appendage. Pistillate flowers: ovary tapering to persistent, spinelike style; ovule pendulous. Achene ellipsoid, moderately compressed, surface smooth or tuberculate, basal or marginal spines (or both) present or absent, terminal spine present, marginal wing present or absent. x = 12, 19, 20. Plumule features used in the key below are observable through dissection of softened (soaked) seeds removed from achenes.

JANAS 29(1)
PLANTS: Perennial herbs, free-floating submerged, rootless; monoecious. STEMS: flexuous or brittle with irregular branching. LEAVES: whorled, simple, linear or dichotomously divided into linear filiform segments, with 2 sub-marginal rows of persistent spine-like denticles; segment apices tipped by multicellular appendages. INFLORESCENCE: sessile or subsessile solitary flowers at nodes, subtended by a whorl of connate foliaceous bracts. FLOWERS: hypogynous, greatly reduced; pedicels less than 1 nun long; perianth absent. STAMINATE FLOWERS: with 3-many subsessile stamens. PISTILLATE FLOWERS: 1-carpelled; style terminal, persistent, elongate-spinescent or short subulate, the apex acute. FRUIT: an achene. 2n = 24 NOTES: (Greek: keras = horn + phyllon = leaf, forked leaves resembling antlers). REFERENCES: Ricketson, Jon. 1995. Ceratophyllaceae. J. Ariz. - Nev. Acad. Sci. 29(1): 17.
Vascular plants of NE US and adjacent Canada
The only genus of the family.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.
Species within checklist: Blue River NEON (BLUE) plants - Southern Plains (D11)
Ceratophyllum demersum
Image of Ceratophyllum demersum
Map not
Available
NSF NEON | Open Data to Understand our Ecosystems The National Ecological Observatory Network is a major facility fully funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. National Science Foundation.