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Cyperus
Family: Cyperaceae
Cyperus image
Max Licher
  • FNA
  • Gleason & Cronquist
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Gordon C. Tucker*, Brian G. Marcks* & J. Richard Carter * in Flora of North America (vol. 23)
Herbs, perennial or less often annual, cespitose or not, rhizomatous, stoloniferous, rarely tuberous. Culms solitary or not, trigonous or round, glabrous or scabridulous with extrorse or antrorse (rarely retrorse) prickles. Leaves usually basal; ligules absent; blades keeled abaxially, flat, V-, or inversely W-shaped in cross section. Inflorescences terminal, rarely pseudolateral, 1st order subumbellate to capitate, 2d order with spicate or digitately arranged spikelets, rarely a solitary spikelet; spikelets 1-150; 1st order rays unequal (rarely equal) in length, produced singly from the axils of inflorescence bracts; involucral bracts 1-22, spirally arranged at culm apex, spreading to erect, leaflike. Spikelets: scales to 76, distichous, each subtending flower, cylindric to compressed, borne spicately or digitately at ends of rays (occasionally proliferous). Flowers bisexual [rarely unisexual], in axils of distichous floral scales, bases often decurrent onto rachilla as ± hyaline wings; perianth absent; stamens 1-3; styles linear, 2-3-fid, base deciduous or persistent; stigmas 2-3. Achenes biconvex, flattened, or trigonous.
Vascular plants of NE US and adjacent Canada
Scales distichous, the lowermost one empty and ±modified; fls perfect, each in the axil of a scale; perianth wanting; stamens 3, less often 1 or 2; style 2-3- cleft, the beakless (or nearly beakless) achene accordingly lenticular or ±trigonous; spikelets few-many in dense or loose spikes or heads, each subtended by 2 small bracts; spikes or heads commonly in a simple or compound terminal umbel that is subtended by sheathless, leafy invol bracts; each ray of the umbel surrounded at base by a tubular prophyll; herbs with solid, ±triangular stems, the lvs with closed sheath and usually an elongate, grasslike blade. 600+, cosmop. Our spp. belong to 5 subgenera, as in the following key. Spp. 14-22 and 23-28 appear to be intergradient, presumably reflecting extensive hybridization.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.
<< 1 - 50 taxa >>
Cyperus acaulescens
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Cyperus acuminatus
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Cyperus afro-occidentalis
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Cyperus afrorobustus
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Cyperus aggregatus
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Cyperus alopecuroides
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Cyperus alternifolius
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Cyperus amabilis
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Cyperus amuricus
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Cyperus aristulatus
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Cyperus articulatus
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Cyperus auriculatus
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Cyperus baronii
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Cyperus bipartitus
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Cyperus blepharoleptos
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Cyperus brevifolioides
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Cyperus brevifolius
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Cyperus brunneus
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Cyperus cephalanthus
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Cyperus compressus
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Cyperus confertus
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Cyperus congestus
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Cyperus croceus
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Cyperus cuspidatus
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Cyperus cyperinus
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Cyperus cyperoides
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Cyperus deamii
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Cyperus dentatus
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Cyperus dentoniae
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Cyperus diandrus
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Cyperus difformis
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Cyperus digitatus
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Cyperus dipsaceus
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Cyperus distans
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Cyperus distinctus
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Cyperus drummondii
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Cyperus echinatus
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Cyperus elegans
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Cyperus entrerianus
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Cyperus eragrostis
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Cyperus erythrorhizos
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Cyperus esculentus
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Cyperus fauriei
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Cyperus fendlerianus
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Cyperus filicinus
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Cyperus filiculmis
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Cyperus filiformis
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Cyperus flavescens
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Cyperus flavicomus
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Cyperus flexuosus
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