Stems simple or sparingly branched, 3-8 dm, rough- hairy with retrorse hairs and some longer spreading ones; lvs sessile, lanceolate, 2-5 cm, rounded at base, entire or some, especially the upper, bearing near the base 1 or 2 small, divergent, lanceolate lateral lobes; fls sessile in the upper axils, forming a leafy spike; cal 15-20 mm, the tube densely retrorse-hairy, the lobes lanceolate, longer than the tube, usually very unequal in width; cor 2-2.5 cm, purple; fr round- ovoid, 1-1.5 cm; 2n=26. Prairies or open upland woods; O. to Wis. and Minn., s. to Mo., Kans., and Okla., also locally in s. U.S. and apparently intr. from N.J. to Pa. and Va. Aug., Sept. (Otophylla a.; Tomanthera a.)
Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.