Plants densely cespitose. Culms dark maroon at base; flowering stems 30-100 cm, as long as leaves at maturity or a little shorter, 1.5-3 mm thick, glabrous or pubescent on angles. Leaves: basal sheaths maroon, bladeless, sheaths pubescent or rarely glabrous; others grading from maroon to green on back, light brown-hyaline on front, red dotted and usually pubescent distally, prolonged at apex; blades flat, 3-8 mm wide, usually pubescent on abaxial surface at least near sheath, minutely scabrous on margins. Inflorescences: peduncles of proximal spikes slender, 10-25 mm, pubescent; peduncle of terminal spike 10-30 mm, pubescent; proximal bracts equaling or often exceeding inflorescences; sheaths 15-45 mm; blades 2-6 mm wide. Lateral spikes 2-4, 1 per node, well separated or distal 2 usually overlapping terminal spike, mostly erect when young but at least proximal spikes nodding at maturity, pistillate with 10-40 perigynia attached 1 mm apart distally and to 4 mm apart proximally, cylindric, 10-50 × 3.5-6 mm. Terminal spike gynecandrous, sessile or pedunculate, 15-35 × 2-6 mm. Pistillate scales pale hyaline with broad green midrib, elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, body shorter than mature perigynia but extending into pubescent green awn 2.5-3 mm, often short-ciliate near apex. Perigynia green to olive-green, often red dotted, 2-ribbed with 9-12 almost equally prominent, evenly spaced veins extending from base to apex, slightly inflated around achene, ellipsoid-ovoid, 4.5-6 × 2-2.5 mm, membranous, base rounded, apex narrowing abruptly to minute beak, glabrous; beak bidentate, less than 0.5 mm. Achenes distinctly stipitate, 2.2-2.7 × 1-1.2 mm, stipe 1 mm. Fruiting late spring-mid summer. Floodplain forests; rich deciduous forests and forest margins, usually along streams or in ditches, wooded ravine slopes, meadows, fields and thickets; often associated with calcareous soils; Ont.; Ark., Conn., Del., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., Nebr., N.J., N.Y., Ohio, Okla., Pa., Tenn., Tex., Vt., W.Va., Wis. Glabrous forms are sporadic in the western part of the range and were recognized as Carex davisii forma glabrescens by G. Kükenthal (1909) but do not warrant taxonomic recognition. A single collection of a putative sterile hybrid between C. davisii and C. hirsutella has been reported from Missouri (G. Yatskievych 1999+) but needs further study to confirm the parentage.
Tufted, 3-9 dm, purplish at base; main lvs 4-8 mm wide, hairy beneath; sheaths hairy; terminal spike peduncled, with distal perigynia; pistillate spikes 2 or 3, the upper 2 often approximate, cylindric, 2-4 cm נ6 mm, erect or spreading or even nodding, short-peduncled; bracts all sheathing; pistillate scales white or hyaline with green center, oblong or ovate-oblong, shorter to somewhat longer than the perigynia, narrowed into a prominent awn; perigynia dull orange at maturity (unlike related spp.), ovoid, 4.5-6 mm, half as wide, obscurely trigonous, sharply several-nerved, acuminately tapering into a sharply bidentate beak 0.7 mm; achene concavely trigonous. Woods; Mass., Vt. and s. Ont. to Mich. and Minn., s. to Md., Nebr., and Tex., abundant in the Middle West.
Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.