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Violaceae
Violaceae image
Max Licher
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JANAS 33(1)
PLANT: Small tree like shrubs, vines or herbs, perennial or annual. LEAVES: simple, entire to deeply lobed or compound. INFLORESCENCE: axillary or scapose, with flowers solitary or in clusters of 2 4. FLOWERS: perfect, zygomorphic in ours, chasmogamous (opening) or sometimes cleistogamous (fertilized in bud, never opening); sepals 5, the base of sepals auriculate (with ear like lobes) or not; petals 5, the base of lower petal elongated into a spur, or gibbous (swollen); stamens 5, alternate with petals, surrounding the ovary, the filaments short, wide, the 2 lowest anthers often with nectaries at their bases extending into the spur; pistil 3 carpelled and 1 locular, the style 1; ovary superior. FRUITS: capsules in ours, explosively dehiscent. SEEDS of many spp. appendaged with a caruncle by which they are ant dispersed. NOTES: 23 genera, 830 spp., chiefly of temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions worldwide. Some spp. cultivated e.g., Viola tricolor and V.  wittrockiana, pansy. REFERENCES: Little, R. John. 2001. Violaceae. J. Ariz. - Nev. Acad. Sci. Volume 33(1).
Species within checklist: Niwot Ridge NEON (NIWO) plants - Southern Rockies & Colorado Plateau (D13)
Viola labradorica
Image of Viola labradorica
NSF NEON | Open Data to Understand our Ecosystems The National Ecological Observatory Network is a major facility fully funded by the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.