Biorepository Data Portal

Plants yellowish green or bluish green, (dark brown to black after drying in subsp. prolificum), heterophyllous or homophyllous. Stems erect, usually profusely branched in distal 2, not wiry, 10-100(-200) cm. Leaves: ocrea 6-12(-15) mm, proximal part cylindric, distal part silvery, soon disintegrating into persistent brown fibers; petiole 2-4 mm; blade variable, light yellowish green to bluish green, proximal often caducous, narrowly elliptic, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, rarely ovate, 8-70 × 4-18(-35) mm, margins flat, apex acute to acuminate or obtuse; distal leaves, either overtopping or shorter than or equaling flowers. Inflorescences axillary or axillary and terminal, spikelike; cymes uniformly distributed or crowded toward tips of branches, 2-5-flowered. Pedicels enclosed in or exserted from ocreae, 1-6 mm. Flowers closed; perianth (2-)2.2-3.6(-4) mm; tube 20-38% of perianth length; tepals overlapping, greenish yellow with greenish yellow or yellow, rarely pink or white, margins, petaloid or sepaloid, not keeled, elliptic to oblong, cucullate; midveins thickened or not; stamens 3-6(-8). Achenes enclosed in or exserted from perianth, dark brown, ovate, 3-gonous, 1.6-3.5 mm, faces subequal, concave, apex not beaked, edges straight, shiny or dull, usually smooth to roughened, sometimes uniformly or obscurely tubercled; late-season achenes common, 4-15 mm. Polygonum ramosissimum exhibits considerable morphological complexity and is similar in difficulty to the P. aviculare complex. Further research is necessary to understand the infraspecific variability of this species (M. Costea and F. J. Tardif 2003b).

Freely branched, mostly erect or ascending annual 3-10 dm (or reputedly to 20 dm), ±strongly heterophyllous, the rameal lvs abruptly smaller than those of the main stem; lower internodes to 5 cm, the upper progressively shorter; lvs linear to narrowly lance- elliptic, 1-6 cm נ2-5(-10) mm, obtuse or acute, flat; fls 1-3 and exsert from the upper ocreae on pedicels 2-3.5 mm, forming racemes to 15 cm, mature perianth 3-4 mm, deeply cleft, the 3 outer tep cucullate and notably exceeding the inner 2, especially in fr; achenes smooth and ±shiny, the earlier ones blackish, 2-3.5 mm, thickly ovoid, and included in the perianth, but some of the later ones often paler, narrowly ovoid, 4-5 mm, and exsert; 2n=60. Unstable, usually moist, sometimes saline habitats, sometimes in coastal marshes, but also widespread inland; Me. and Que. to Wash., s. to Del., Ill., and N.M. (P. atlanticum; P. exsertum; P. triangulum)

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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Duration: Annual Nativity: Native Lifeform: Forb/Herb